72472453-wedding-cake-visual-metaphor-with-figurine-gettyimagesAn annulment is a legal process to end a marriage. An annulment is different from a divorce, however. An annulment treats the marriage as if it never took place. In Minnesota, a marriage may be annulled under any of the following circumstances:
  1. One party lacked capacity to voluntarily consent to the marriage. The inability to consent could be due to mental incapacity or infirmity, and the other party did not know this at the time of the marriage ceremony. The lack of consent could be due to the influence of alcohol, drugs, or other incapacitating substances. The consent could have been involuntary because it was obtained by force or fraud, and the parties did not subsequently voluntarily cohabitate.
  1. One party lacks the physical capacity to consummate the marriage by sexual intercourse and the other party did not know this at the time of the marriage ceremony.
  1. One of the parties was under the legal age for marriage. If otherwise competent, a person who is 18 years of age may enter into a civil marriage. A person who is 16 years of age may be able to enter into a valid marriage with parental consent and judicial approval.
In addition, the seeking of an annulment must be commenced within certain time limits, depending upon the underlying circumstances. Anyone interested in seeking an annulment of marriage should consult with an attorney for a more detailed explanation of the annulment process.
Some time ago I wrote about The Four Agreements from a book by the same name by Don Miguel Ruiz. Ruiz believes we can stay out of conflict if each person makes the following agreements with him or herself: 1.  I will be impeccable with my word. 2. I will not personalize anything the other person says, does, thinks, feels or believes. 3.  I will make no assumptions. 4.  I will do my best each day with the energy I have been given. The Second Agreement frequently needs to be reinforced in my work with families.  To successfully make the transition from married couple to co-parents, parents must learn not to reflexively react to each others’ negative emotional states and behaviors.  This is a complicated task. Establishing close human relationships requires us to be sensitive to the feelings of others, and to form attachments.  Early childhood development experts often refer to the creation of healthy attachment between an infant and caregiver as the “dance of empathy.”  Though attachment begins in infancy with attuned parenting , it continues throughout a lifetime.  Empathy is a building block of positive relationships. However, empathy without clear boundaries can morph into co-dependence.  When relationships become co-dependent, a person’s emotional state becomes enmeshed with the emotional state of the other.  If the other expresses anger, his or her partner feels attacked and defensive.  If the other expresses sadness, his or her partner feels blame and shame.  The partner personalizes and thus assumes responsibility for the thoughts, feelings and actions of the other, and organizes his or her own thoughts, feelings and actions around the impossible task of changing the other. Ruiz reminds us that each person has a choice about how he or she will think, feel and act in response to a given situation.  The only power to change comes from within.  Recognizing this reality allows one to detach from personalizing and reflexively reacting to the behavior of the other, and by doing so, staying out of conflict with the other.  It can be hard work, but setting the goal of establishing new and healthy emotional boundaries during and after a divorce sets the stage for effective co-parenting in the future.
557920441-close-up-of-boy-kicking-soccer-ball-gettyimagesIt’s that time of year again – like it or not, the kids are back in school! This means busier schedules and more activities, but hopefully getting back into a routine is helpful for everyone in your family. Those open houses, parent-teacher conferences, sports, recitals, and other activities probably mean seeing your ex-spouse a whole lot more than you may have needed to during the summer. At the very least, it may be daunting to think about having to sit through these activities amicably, verses seeing your ex quickly during dropping off or picking up the kids.  How do you manage co-parenting for these activities? Some families choose to divvy-up which parent goes to which activities based solely on who has custody of the children during that given time, while other parents don’t want to miss a thing. This is a parenting challenge where those parenting plans play such an important role in your divorce. If you already agreed on how you will handle this it may be black and white for you and your family. However some grey area is to be expected; father-daughter dance falls on mom’s weekend? – do you want to be the parent that takes that away from your child because of a technicality? Probably not. There may be times that you think it will be impossible to be in the same room as your ex-spouse. You certainly don’t need to sit next to your ex on the bleachers during your son’s football game, but for the sake of the children you should sit down with your ex and determine what works best for attending activities. Whether you divide the games evenly and both attend the big games/recitals/conferences or you choose to formulate another game plan, it’s important to do this ahead of time to avoid arguments and misunderstandings later. It’s not always easy, but co-parenting amicably can give your children stability and close relationships with both parents. Some day you and your blended families may have that moment together on the bleachers, but you don’t need to push it before everyone is ready.
87885485-we-like-the-swing-ride-gettyimagesWe are currently enjoying the annual Minnesota Get-Together.  The State Fair is an annual ritualistic event that many Minnesotans appreciate.  When families are divorcing, it is often important to continue to maintain these rituals to keep consistency for children. When conflict overwhelms a divorce these important factors may be lost.  A collaborative process, that focuses on the interests of the parties can help keep these important rituals in the family. Many families take the annual trek to St. Paul, Minnesota to the State Fair grounds. Whether they drive and pay $20 to park on someone’s lawn or jump in a church parking lot and take a free shuttle, they all end up at the Fair. Once there, they may play games in the Midway, taste meatloaf on a stick or Sweet Martha’s Cookies, or explore the many educational/agricultural opportunities. There are parades and musical performances. Animals galore. It seems everyone has their own “way” of exploring the Fair. When a family divorces, the annual Fair-going event may change.  Some families can maintain the traditions and attend the fair together, despite the new status of divorce. Other families may trade-off the Fair event each year or share it in some way (mom and dad swap at the corner of Cosgrove and Randall). Or maybe a family friend or grandparent will maintain the tradition. What is most unfortunate, however, is when these types of traditions are lost altogether.  It may result from financial challenges or anger between the parents.  Sometimes rituals are just lost in the transitions – they may be forgotten.  A collaborative process can help to keep the focus of divorce on the children.  Keeping the focus on what matters most to them will help keep these types of rituals in the forefront.  As a whole, the family will be better off and rituals can be maintained if you work together on the outcomes.
550382895-man-and-woman-with-illustrated-speech-gettyimagesBelieve it or not, most divorce lawyers are very good people. I know that seems hard to believe, based on the negative opinions that much of the public has about lawyers; and about divorce. But it’s true. Divorce has never been the most lucrative area of law, and it really can be emotionally draining, so most of the lawyers who choose to work in this area have done so because they care about families. And most of them truly do try to help make a positive difference. This may seem odd coming from someone who has spent most of his career keeping people out of divorce court and, to a degree, away from lawyers. In fact, I do believe that family law issues can be resolved much better when we get as far away from the court as possible, but that is not because judges and lawyers are bad people; the courtroom just isn’t a place designed for family problems. At least not yet. There are people out there with great visionary ideas so that we may one day see a courtroom that is truly designed to help families heal. We seem to be heading in that direction but there is a long way to go. Until that happens, the courtroom can still have a tendency to polarize families in unexpected ways. Today, there are many ways to resolve family issues; you can mediate, collaborate, litigate, agitate or even just vegetate. There are plenty of good lawyers working in all of these issues. Even litigation, the last resort of the family law food chain, has drawn many good people. To use a medical analogy, litigation is the surgery of the divorce world; something to use when all else has failed. But if it does happen, you still need a good surgeon; not just one that can cut straight but one that can minimize the collateral damage; and that can be the toughest part. So, what is the true measure of a great family law attorney? In my humble opinion it is an attorney who will give you an honest answer even if your best process option does not fall within their particular method of practice. It’s the collaborator who will tell you when you truly need to litigate or the litigator who will let you know when to collaborate. Even more, it is the lawyer who will tell you that they just don’t know about a particular option. The attorney who will admit that he or she just doesn’t really have much knowledge about a particular area is doing you a great service. The Collaborator who will admit that he has never been in the courtroom much and, therefore, cannot speak from experience about what goes on there, is upholding his or her solemn duty. Similarly, the litigator who admits that most of what they know about Collaborative Law is hearsay and suggests you go to a competent and experienced Collaborative attorney to have your questions answered about that process. This blog is written on the Collaborative Law website, so naturally I am going to end by suggesting you contact a Collaborative Professional about Collaborative Practice. See www.collaborativelaw.org. or www.divorcechoice.com. But don’t just settle for that. Make sure that the person who gives you advice provides you with honest answers about all process choices. And if they don’t have the answer, or if they don’t have an experience in an area, make sure they tell you that. You deserve that. There is too much at stake for you to simply be sold whatever some attorney happens to be selling.
183341330-stressed-young-couple-relocation-gettyimagesA lot of confusion exists about the terms “separation” and “legal separation” under Minnesota law. While both refer to a change in marital status, they have distinct meanings, processes, and consequences. “Separation” means only that you are living in different residences. Minnesota law allows spouses to live separately while still married. Separation works best if the ongoing responsibilities for care of the children, financial support, and bill payment have been discussed and agreed upon. While separation does not involve a legal proceeding, there may be legal consequences to living apart. Therefore, it is a good idea to consult with an attorney before separating to better understand your options. “Legal separation” does require court involvement. In fact, in Minnesota a proceeding for legal separation is very similar to one for divorce. While the law does not require that divorcing couples live separately, parenting time, child support, and spousal maintenance must be addressed in the final court order. A legal separation can also include the division of assets and debts. The major difference between a legal separation and a divorce is that after becoming legally separated you and your spouse are still married to each other. Because the cost, timing and issues involved are similar to a divorce, it is much less common. Couples who do legally separate usually do so due to religious beliefs against divorce. Because a number of detailed legal documents must be drafted, signed, and filed with the court, a lawyer’s help is essential if you decide to seek a legal separation.    
DVOctober is National Domestic Violence Awareness Month. One in four women (25%) has experienced domestic violence in her lifetime. Separated and divorced males and females are at a greater risk of domestic violence. However, it is difficult to track the percentage of divorces that were the result of domestic violence simply because they are not recorded as such and because many divorcees hide that they were/are a victim of abuse. Even if you are not a victim of domestic violence, as a community, we owe it to one another to become educated in order to detect, and offer support and shelter for victims suspected domestic abuse. In a national survey of American families, 50% of the men and women who frequently assaulted their wives also frequently abused their children. Protect yourself and your children. Keep good records. As long as you are still living with your spouse or partner, record every incident of physical or emotional abuse that involves you or your kids. Write down the date, time, and place of every event, along with a description of what happened and any injuries to you or your children. Make a plan to stay safe – after you decide to get out, do some planning to put a safety net in place. Try to save some cash, and stash some clothes for yourself and your kids with a friend. Make sure that friend’s home is not somewhere your partner would immediately think to look for you (i.e. Not your best friend’s or parent’s home). If you are a victim of domestic abuse know that you can get help. There are programs across the country which provide immediate assistance for survivors of domestic abuse and their families. One amazing resource here in the Twin Cities the Domestic Abuse Project, or DAP, which helps victims develop safety plans, file protective orders, and find safe shelter. They also reach out to all victims of domestic violence identified in Minneapolis police reports to provide ongoing support and make critical resource referrals. DAP Therapy works with adult male perpetrators of violence, adult women survivors of violence, and children and adolescents who have witnessed or experienced abuse. To find out more about DAP visit www.domesticabuseproject.com. Other helpful links and phone numbers: – The Minnesota Domestic Violence Crisis Line is available 24 hours a day at 1.866.223.1111 www.dayoneservices.org – The National Domestic Violence Crisis Line is available 24 hours a day at 1.800.799.SAFE www.theHotline.org – Locate a domestic violence shelter near you at www.domesticshelters.org  
180411776-studio-shot-of-books-stacked-and-apple-next-gettyimagesNow that everyone is back to school, here are some important things to remember for divorced families: 1. Be Mindful of the Schedule. Parents often look forward to the routine and structure of school, that is often lost in the summer months. Kids need that same sort of structure.  Depending on the age of the children, help keep them apprised of the schedule with an online-scheduler or written calendar.  Remember that changes to a schedule affect everyone – so be mindful of how adjustments will be accepted by everyone.  You have to balance flexibility and adaptability. 2. Stock up on School Supplies. Kids often display anxiety with the need to remember clothes, school supplies, or materials for extra curricular activities (sports equipment, musical instruments, school supplies, etc.).  Make sure both houses are stocked up or the kids have a good routine (with parent support) to make sure they have everything they need at both homes. 3. Start Communicating. There are so many elements of children’s daily lives that they are interested in sharing after a busy day at school. And then the school often communicates with parents via emails or handouts.  Sometimes things are learned during school pick-up or by talking to another parent.  This information should be shared — come up with a routine for sharing relevant information about the kids so that both parents are fully informed. Daily emails or texts are often an easy way to keep the off duty parent informed. 4. Plan for Homework and Activities. Kids often have full schedules afters school. Between homework and extra-curricular activities, many parents feel as if their after school hours are as busy as their work days.  Together with the children come up with a plan to manage the responsibilities every day.  It is okay to have different schedules at each home, but consider coordinating efforts or sharing your plan so both homes can best support the children. 5. Plan for Downtime. Life gets busy.  Make effort to find time for fun and relaxation as the busy life of school starts up.  Everyone deserves a break – so plan for a game night or go see a movie.  You will all appreciate a little downtime.  
138524804-oranges-gettyimagesWhat can an orange possibly help us with in our collaborative divorce or any divorce process for that matter? You may have heard about interest based negotiations vs. position based negotiations. When I am working as a financial neutral or mediator with divorcing couples, I use an orange to demonstrate these two different approaches. I place an orange on the table and then say to the couple; here we have one orange for the two of you. How are you going to decide who gets the orange? Most people will say cut it in half. While this certainly works, it may not be the best approach. Here is why. I then tell them each why they want the orange. One wants it to eat because they are hungry. The other wants the orange peel for baking. Now if we were to cut it in half as most people will say they both only get half of what they need. It is only when they state why the orange is important to them that an agreement can be reached. When negotiating divorce issues think of the orange and remember to talk about your interests instead of locking into a position. The quicker you get to the interests you will be that much closer to an agreement. Not only is emotion and conflict minimized you also get more of what you need/want.  Think orange.
51MfVDOlEkL._SX338_BO1,204,203,200_In his book about how to avoid human conflict, Don Miguel Ruiz suggests these four agreements that a person makes with himself or herself: 1.  I will be impeccable with my word. 2.  I will not personalize the anything the other person says, does, feels, thinks or believes. 3.  I will make no assumptions. 4.  I will do my best each day with the energy I have been given. This post will focus on the Third Agreement, which can be very difficult to keep, in part because of how we are wired. Our human brains are constantly analyzing our environment and making conscious and subconscious decisions about whether or not a threat exists. Without this vigilance, we would not have survived as a species. Our vigilant human brains are also designed to categorize and sort, and then to recognize patterns. When patterns repeat, we give the patterns a meaning and define this as learning. This is how our brains are designed to work. However, it can happen that when we recognize patterns, we give them the wrong meaning. We can make an incorrect assumption (which is the definition of a superstition).  We get further and further from real meaning if we persist in believing and acting on our assumptions. This can create unnecessary misunderstanding and conflict, and it happens all the time, especially in intimate relationships. Rather than make assumptions, it is important to remain open to alternate interpretations and ask good questions. One can easily make misguided assumptions even when absolutely sure one is right.  When I met my mother-in-law, her home was filled with frog ornaments. For years, family members gave her frog-themed items for her birthday and Christmas, and she found places to display them all. After 10 years, I happened to ask her when she first started to like frogs.  She responded, “Oh, I don’t like frogs.”  All evidence to the contrary! I said in puzzlement, “But you have such a collection of frogs, I just assumed you liked them.” She smiled and told about receiving frog-decorated towels as a thank you gift from a guest.  She put the towels in her guest bathroom, and the next guests assumed she liked frogs and bought her a frog ornament, which she promptly displayed. What was never true about my wonderful mother-in-law was that she liked frogs. What was true was that she proudly displayed the gifts she was given, to honor the givers. In the relationship crisis of a divorce or break up, it can be especially easy to make negative assumptions about one’s spouse or partner, and express these assumptions directly to other people. A child once told me in tears about hearing one parent say to the other, “This divorce is proof you never really loved your family.” Making the Third Agreement helps ensure that children will be kept at the center and out of the middle.